Thursday, August 27, 2020

A Brief History of Byzantine Art Essay Example for Free

A Brief History of Byzantine Art Essay Byzantine Art significant pictorial Document St.mark’s basilica, Venice italy [pic] four co-head administering plan called The Tetrarchy [pic] Dome at the transept crossing [pic] The most well known of the enduring Byzantine mosaics of the Hagia Sophia in Constantinople †the picture of Christ Pantocrator on the dividers of the upper southern exhibition [pic] Miniatures of the sixth century Rabula Gospeldisplay the more unique and emblematic nature of Byzantine workmanship. [pic] Frescoes in Nerezi close to Skopje (1164), with their interesting mix of high disaster, delicate mankind, and hand crafted authenticity, envision the methodology of Giotto and other proto-Renaissance Italian specialists. [ [pic] Leaf from an ivory diptych ofAreobindus Dagalaiphus Areobindus, delegate in Constantinople, 506. Areobindus is appeared above, directing the games in the Hippodrome, portrayed underneath. [pic] Mosaic from San Vitale in Ravenna, demonstrating the Emperor Justinian and Bishop Maximian of Ravenna encompassed by ministers and fighters [pic] Mosaic from the congregation of Hagios Demetrios inThessaloniki, late seventh or mid eighth century, showingSt. Demetrios with benefactors [pic] Helios in his chariot, encompassed by images of the months and of the zodiac. From Vat. Gr. 1291, the Handy Tables of Ptolemy, created during the rule of Constantine V. [pic] A case of Macedonian ivorywork: the Forty Martyrs of Sebaste, presently in the Bode Museum,Berlin [pic] The Annunciation from Ohrid, one of the most respected symbols of the Paleologan Mannerism, bears correlation with the best contemporary works by Italian specialists [pic] Present day Orthodox painting from Israel utilizing a delineation of the Nativity of Christ minimal changed in longer than a thousand years [pic] Byzantine Manuscripts (6th to fifteenth century) In the Byzantine Empire, another convention of original copy enlightenment developed. The most powerful qualities of Byzantine original copy painting were the copious utilization of valuable metals, particularly gold; the decision of splendid hues; and the utilization of void space, regularly loaded up with gold leaf, as foundation. Byzantine brightening was much of the time committed to describing scriptural stories. Styles of portraying the human figure changed in Byzantine workmanship throughout the hundreds of years. Stone casket St.peter [pic] The alleged Gothic chieftain, from the Mosaic Peristyle of the Great Palace of Constantinople [pic] Holy person Peter mosaic from the Chora Church [pic] A pre-Iconoclastic delineation of St. Demetrios at the Hagios Demetrios Basilica in Thessaloniki. [pic] The mosaics of St. Imprints Basilica in Venice [pic] mosaic in San Vitale in Ravenna [pic] Byzantine mosaic in Ravennas Basilica di SantApollinare in Classe [pic] Latin cross arrangement A perspective on Hagia Sophia, Istanbul [pic] Area inside Turkey Istanbul [pic] Inside perspective on the Hagia Sophia, indicating Islamic components on the highest point of the principle arch. [pic] Stone survives from the basilica requested by Theodosius II, demonstrating the Lamb of God [pic] Development of chapel delineated in codex Manasses Chronicle (fourteenth century) [pic] Groundplan of the Hagia Sophi

Saturday, August 22, 2020

Are Exams a Fair Means of Assessment free essay sample

Are tests a reasonable methods for appraisal? A ton has been done to make tests as reasonable as could be expected under the circumstances, for example, by presenting understudies to a similar educational program, giving similar conditions to understudies during a test, yet I don't think at one point tests have been reasonable for all understudies. Test questions are generally constrained thus at one point no test can contain the entire course work. Subjects analyzed apparent simple by certain understudies will be a favorable position to them while points inspected apparent hard by certain understudies will be disadvantageous to them. A few understudies may likewise be strained during the assessment subsequently disabling their capacity to perform better, regardless of being decidedly ready. Understudies who are commonly quick might be preferred put over the individuals who are commonly delayed in a coordinated test in as much as them two may have the data expected of them by the test. We will compose a custom paper test on Are Exams a Fair Means of Assessment or on the other hand any comparable subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Assessments may copy inquiries from recently done tests on a similar course thus may support the understudies who approached past modification addresses which will be uncalled for to the understudies who went to a similar class yet didn't approach the correction questions. Assessments are now and then an evaluation of which is the understudy with the best capacity to pack and not the understudy who has the best comprehension of the course work and who can meet targets of the course. In Summary, Examinations are commonly not reasonable. Different ways that might be utilized to evaluate information gained is by surveying coursework, class support, class participation and use of the information procured in class in functional circumstances. Connection to pertinent spots for quite a while, and a report from managers may likewise be a superior evaluation of information gained in the course work.

Friday, August 21, 2020

Why Should You Use Essay and Thesis Samples to Help You Out?

Why Should You Use Essay and Thesis Samples to Help You Out?If you're an English major, I bet you're very familiar with the term essay. For most students, it is their first real foray into writing and it's a place where they make their entrance into the world of academe. Writing can be very intimidating because you're essentially entering into the big leagues.It's true that most writing schools have essay and thesis samples in their curriculum. Most of them are excellent; however, there are times when they seem to be too wordy for your taste. I'm sure that if you were to try to teach yourself how to write an essay, it would take quite a bit of time and effort, and that would be something that could easily be avoided if you knew how to choose the right essay and thesis samples to use.That's why choosing the right essay and thesis samples to use is so important. We need to do what we can to make sure that our essay will actually be read and not just written on as a hobby. A lot of peop le who are struggling to figure out how to write an essay don't realize the importance of essay and thesis samples. They just assume that if the assignment is too difficult, then the professor must be holding back something big, and so they give up on the class.Let me ask you this: Have you ever taken an essay and tried to write an essay on it? If so, do you think that you succeeded? If you didn't succeed, you should consider yourself lucky because you will never see yourself being able to write an essay on it.By using essay and thesis samples, it will help you in a number of ways. First, they give you a quick blueprint to follow on how to write an essay, so that you will be more familiar with the subject matter. The second way is that they will help you develop a certain level of professionalism.I'm sure that if you were to read through all of the essay and thesis samples out there, you will notice that they all have a certain level of professionalism to them. You will also notice that most of them are written in an official-looking font. You will notice that they all seem to be organized very well, but you won't be able to see anything on the paper.When you take a look at these samples, you will find that they are organized in a way that makes sense to the student who is studying at the writing school. For example, you may find that a thesis sample is organized chronologically. You will also notice that the different sections and sub-parts of the writing sample are in different colors.I'm sure that if you were to take a look at these samples, you would instantly recognize where the assignment would fit in the timeline of the assignment. This is important because the first step in having a successful writing assignment is knowing how to organize your material. When it comes to essay and thesis samples, you will notice that they are organized in a very organized manner. That's because most people who are trying to write an essay and a thesis are not profession al essay writers, and therefore, they need to be organized in order to make sure that they can make the best use of the time in their studies.

Monday, May 25, 2020

The Problem With Yellow Journalism - 1207 Words

The Problem with Yellow Journalism. Tabloids are everywhere. You see them while in line at the grocery store, on the stands at street corners, in doctor’s offices, and you can even have them mailed to you. These tabloids have become so ingrained into society that many people consider them to be a true form of journalism. Though this may be one of the views of tabloids, my opinion is that they should not be considered journalism because in reality, they are modern and maybe even worse versions of yellow journalism. Though yellow journalism began as exaggerated stories to attract attention, yellow journalism today may be interpreted as celebrity gossip magazines. Before going into the topic of tabloids, the history of yellow journalism is†¦show more content†¦In the book Democracy in America, Alexis de Tocqueville wrote, So the more equal men [sic] become and the more individualism becomes a menace, the more necessary are newspapers. We should underrate their importance if we thought they just guaranteed liberty; they maintain civilization. What he was saying is that newspapers and journalism were established to connect citizens with politics. Newspapers were important for the relationship between government and the people as well as for educating the public. When yellow journalism was established, the role of journalism changed from educating by seeking the truth to merely profit purposes. The way journalist gathered their information was changed from truthful seeking and interviewing to that of made up stories and over exaggeration of the truth. As for the journalists of these tabloids and yellow journalism, the Society of Professional Journalists regards the ethical considerations of a journalist to follow the following aspects: â€Å"Seek truth and report it, minimize harm, act independently, and be accountable and transparent†. Though the ethical code was written in 1973 (which was borrowed from the American Society of Newspaper Editors in 1926), nearly a century after yellow journalism started (SPJ), would it not be reasonable to have some kind of guidelines about putting lies in a newspaper for all to see? According to LeahShow MoreRelatedThe Censorship Of Yellow Journalism1588 Words   |  7 PagesYellow Journalism was a form of newspaper that told outrageous stories to catch the readers’ eye. Newspaper publishers William Randolph Hearst and Joseph Pulitzer II used the form of journalism as a marketing campaign to get customers, in order to buy their newspapers. They include stories, drawings, and cartoo ns. Instead, the journal gave birth to modern-day investigative Journalism. It was during the 1890s, this newspaper would cause a war between the United States and Spain. What would plungeRead MoreThe Declaration Of The Spanish American War930 Words   |  4 PagesThe immediate cause of the Spanish-American war was the sinking of the U.S.S. Maine in Havana Harbor. The long-term cause of the Spanish American War is the Yellow Journalism, Cuban economics, and the political roles made by President William Mckinley. All of the roles made by him went back to the reason the war started. The Yellow Journalism helped to create a conducive outbreak of conflict and expansion of U.S. influence overseas, but it did not cause the war. The main immediate cause of the SpanishRead MoreThe Regulation Of Freedom Of Speech1256 Words   |  6 Pagesprevent yellow journalism, to protect sensitive state secrets from abuse and to promote a high quality of speech based on responsibility. The regulation of freedom of speech is important since it prevents yellow journalism. Yellow journalism refers to the style of journalism that features scandals, sensationalism, and unethical or unprofessional practices by news media organizations or journalists without any regulations (Holtz-Bacha, 2008). Tom Conner (2014) gives an example of yellow journalism, andRead MoreThe Freedom Of Speech : Yellow Journalism1088 Words   |  5 PagesCharter of Rights and Freedom, 1982). Therefore, in a democratic society, the freedom of speech should be properly regulated to prevent yellow journalism, to protect sensitive state secrets from abuse and to promote a high quality of speech based on responsibility. The regulated freedom of speech prevents yellow journalism. Yellow journalism is the style of journalism which features scandals, sensationalism, and unethical or unprofessional practices by news media or journalists without any regulationsRead MoreThe Media And Its Influence On Politics1643 Words   |  7 PagesAuthors such as Rodger Streitmatter who provided a brief introduction into â€Å"yellow journalism†, and Joseph Pulitzer have helped revolutionize journalism and have maintained a soft rivalry for increased circulation. Yellow journalism started as a way to place more papers in circulation but of course went too far in its sensationalism. One top example of â€Å"Yellow Journalism’ came after the explosion of the USS MAINE. Yellow Journalist stirred up a public â€Å"frenzy†, by knowingly reporting misinformationRead MoreSensationalism in the News Essay1401 Words   |  6 Pageshelped bring sensationalism to the forefront, was born to humble beginnings. Born on April 10 1847, Pulitzer came to America in 1867 without any money and was recruited in the Union Army (Morris, 2010). After serving in the war, Pulitzer began his journalism career. He started out in a foreign language newspaper in St Louis. During his time at the foreign language newspaper he was introduced to the world of politics. This experience motivated Pulitzer to seek office. In 1869 Pulitzer was electedRead MoreThe Modern Era Of Reporting944 Words   |  4 Pages Journalism has come a long way since its early t ime, but has remained the same fundamentally. This essay will explain the different types of eras in reporting the news, starting from the colonial era all the way to what is currently called the modern era of reporting. This will also define the terms of the Penny Press, Jazz journalism, Yellow journalism, and Muckraking to its specific era. In 1690, Benjamin Harris published the first American newspaper. Freedom of press wasn’t exactly in styleRead MoreThe Spanish American War in 18981256 Words   |  5 PagesSpanish American War was the supposed â€Å"boming† of the USS Maine. The second immediate cause would be Yellow journalism which sensationalized the de Là ´me letter, the USS Maine explosion and many other events that led up to the war with Spain. Yellow journalism is news headlines that were made to draw the public eye. This type of writing sensationalized and even fabricated dramatic events. Yellow journalism played a major role in the United States declaring war against Spain. This industry was led by twoRead MoreCitizen Kane1306 Words   |  6 PagesCitizen Kane I realized why this movie was named one of the best films ever. Yellow journalism was in an era from the 1880 to the 1900 and it featured flashy journalism of that time, which made editors write about invented stories. Which went to big headlines on subjects that werent true. The two big writers of that time were William Randolph Hearst and Joseph Pulitzer. During the film Kane is depicted as a yellow journalism at different times. One example is when they put out the article CharlesRead MoreEssay Citizen Kane1284 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"Citizen Kane† I realized why this movie was named one of the best films ever. Yellow journalism was in an era from the 1880 to the 1900 and it featured flashy journalism of that time, which made editors write about invented stories. Which went to big headlines on subjects that weren’t true. The two big writers of that time were William Randolph Hearst and Joseph Pulitzer. During the film Kane is depicted as a yellow journalism at different times. One example is when they put out the article â€Å"Charles

Thursday, May 14, 2020

A Modern Day Setback That Affects The Majority Of Americans

A modern day setback that affects the majority of Americans today is tuition and at the current rate of inflation, it will affect the upcoming generation. Imagine yourself as an 18-year-old high school student thinking about your future and college. In this situation, you are the student who gets excellent grades and works hard but isn’t financially stable. You, like lots of others, have dreamed of pursuing your education at the schools you have been accepted to but, you have come to the conclusion that it’s not possible for you to attend those schools because of your financial situation. Thus, you’re forced to attend a community college or take out loans that will leave you in debt for a sustained amount of time and you’ll stay hoping for†¦show more content†¦When dealing with a problem, the best approach towards solving is to find and fix the root of the problem. So why is college tuition, so high? One reason is the loss of state funding. The l ucky generation are the baby boomers in how they benefited from state funding which made it easier to attend college (Campos). Colleges relied heavily on state funding and they had to find a way to make up for all the money they stopped receiving. The best solution was to raise tuition every year and this sparked the inflation that millions of people deal with every year. Tuition used to be affordable and more people were able to graduate as a result. So now that people are forced to pay much more in tuition, it’s safe to assume that every bit of that extra money is being used to enhance students’ education. Sadly this is false and here’s the reason why. The maintenance and supervision of a college is handled by college administrators. Several years ago, there were not a handful of administrators that worked present on campus, but as time progressed more and more administrators were being hired. These administrators get paid very well and its part of the reason why tuition is high (Ginsberg). Overall, tuition has reached an all-time high and without a doubt this causes a lot of struggles for students and parents. A majority of students who attend college are

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

The Doctrine Of The Divine Command Theory - 914 Words

Rachels describes the Divine Command theory as weak because it makes morality mysterious. According to the Divine Command Theory, nothing is good nor bad, unless God’s thinking makes it so. For example, child abuse. Child abuse is wrong, but according to this theory, it is neither right nor wrong (because the God’s have not commanded it so). If the God’s were to command that child abuse was right, this still does not make child abuse right, so therefore this theory is untenable and makes us further question morality and this theory. The question that makes this theory a mystery is, â€Å"Is conduct right because the God’s command it, or do the God’s command it because it is, right?† (Socrates, p.50) This is one of the most famous questions in the history of philosophy. Truthfulness existed before the God’s commanded it, and because truthfulness is righteous the God’s made truthfulness a command. Also, another downfall to the Divine Command Theory as Rachels points out is that not everyone has the same understanding of religion, and everyone’s beliefs are different. Furthermore, there is inconsistencies within the religious text itself, thus making it hard to know what God’s will really is. In conclusion the Divine Command Theory fails because this conception of morality is mysterious and leaves us still questioning where morality comes from. 2.) The Theory of Natural Law views the world as having rational order with values and purpose built into its everyShow MoreRelatedThe Doctrine Of The Divine Command Theory Essay1434 Words   |  6 Pagespaper argues that Utilitarianism is a better ethical theory than many others proposed like the Divine Command Theory, which is the concept that morality is tied strictly to God and Immanuel Kant’s Duty Defined Morality, which has two distinct moral imperatives, because utilitarianism focusses on the benefit of the many which far outweighs the well-being of a single person. 2. Explanation of Philosophical Views The Divine Command Theory is a theory that morals are solely connected to religious beliefRead MoreThe Doctrine Of The Divine Command Theory1377 Words   |  6 Pagessome of the most thought provoking theories and ideas from some of the greatest philosophers. One of those theories is the Divine Command theory. The Divine Command theory tries to explain the relation between God and what is morally correct and there have been many philosophers who have taken very opposing views on the theory in order to determine of society should accept this theory. According to the Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy Divine Command theory is â€Å"the view that morality is somehowRead MoreThe Doctrine Of The Divine Command Theory884 Words   |  4 PagesThe divine command theory states that â€Å"An act is morally required just because it is commanded by God and immoral just because God forbids it† (Shafer-Landau, The Fundamentals of Ethics, p.67). In interviewing an Elder of a local Jehovah’s Witness congregation on the ethics involved in religion, he agreed that the divine command theory is correct, and that there are many commands and things that are forbidden in the bible that are considered to be God’s standards for the way we live our lives. ButRead MoreThe Doctrine Of The Divine Command Theory1237 Words   |  5 PagesThe Divine Command Theory dictates that â€Å"An act is morally required just because it is commanded by God, and immoral just because God forbids it (Shafer-Landau 65).† This view is often a ccepted by religious people as the basis for morality; the morality of an action is determined by whether or not it is commanded by God. However, there are multiple problems presented by this line of thinking. One of the most common arguments against this theory is known as the Euthyphro Dilemma, derived from Plato’sRead MoreThe Doctrine Of The Divine Command Theory1488 Words   |  6 Pagesmorality is centered on assessing the ethical implications of us as people. Who we ought and be, and what actions we ought to take or avoid based on an understanding of the scripture and relevant human experiences. I do not subscribe to the divine command theory (DCT) of ethics, as I believe you can have ethics without God. The DCT proposes that what is morally right is what God has commanded (for example, love thy neighbor), and what is forbidden by God is morally wrong (i.e. murder), yet there areRead MoreThe Doctrine Of Divine Command Theory Essay1665 Words   |  7 PagesDivine Comma nd Theory â€Å"If God does not exist, then everything is permitted,† in other words, if there turns out to be no God then nothing is morally wrong. Someone who would believe a statement such as this one would most likely be in agreement with the Divine Command Theory---the reason being that the main claim in this theory is, all that is morally right, is right because God commands it so. Therefore in order to believe in the Divine Command Theory, one would need to be a strong believer inRead MoreThe Divine Command Theory And The Doctrine Dilemma Essay1448 Words   |  6 PagesThe Divine Command Theory is the idea that morality is ingrained in the nature and command of God, and the Euthyphro Dilemma is one of the most common arguments refuting the Divine Command Theory. The argument was inspired by Plato’s Euthyphro dialogue, which contains the question â€Å"Are morally good acts willed by god because they are morally good? Or are morally good acts, morally good because they are willed by god?† (Euthyphro, 10a). This question raises large problems for the Divine Command TheoryRead MoreThe Divine Command Theory And Euthyphro Problem Essay974 Words   |  4 PagesIn this paper, I will discuss about the Divine Command Theory and Euthyphro Problem and show how the Euthyphro Problem makes the Divine Command Theory morality arbitrary. Also, I will discuss why one does not have to reject the belief in God due to the Divine Command Theory cannot give a satisfactory answer to the Euthyphro Problem. First, I will define what the Divine Command Theory is and discuss its attractive features that answer the problem about the objectivity of ethnics. Second, I will defineRead MoreThe Divine Command Theory : Capital Punishment And Abortion Essay1128 Words   |  5 PagesThe Divine Command Theory is the assertion in ethics that an action is morally right if, and only if, it conforms to God’s will. This premise ties together morality and religion in a manner that seems expected, since it provides a solution to arguments about moral relativism and the objectivity of ethics. On the other hand, in Pla to’s Euthyphro, Socrates questions whether something is right because God commands it, or whether God commands it because it is right. The ethical implications of theRead MoreDeontological and Teleological Ethical Theory1660 Words   |  7 Pagesof Teleological Ethics 1. Utilitarianism – Utilitarian moral theory is classical utilitarianism, 2. Varieties of ancient Greek virtue ethics – Aristotle Ethics is an Example a. The goal of ethics is to explain how one achieves the good life for human beings. There are only two basic kinds of prescriptive moral theories: teleological theories, deontological theories TELEOLOGICAL ETHICAL THEORIES Teleological moral theories locate moral goodness in the consequences of our behavior and not

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

English Modernist Women Poets

Question: Discuss about theEnglishfor Modernist Women Poets. Answer: Introduction No Swan So Fine is one of the greatest, and yet most intricate poems, written by the beloved American poet Marianne Moore. A free verse poem, written in fourteen lines, No Swan So Fine, is apparently a poem dealing with the commonplace theme of conflict between nature and artifice, reminiscent of Keats Ode to the Grecian Urn. The poem sets out a draw a comparison between the silences of water found in a man-made fountain, as opposed to the sound of flowing water in real life. Though the china swan, as an artificial swan, can easily engross and fascinate the viewer, it does lack the vitality of life force, detected in a real bird. It should be noted here, that as the poet seeks out to compare the liveliness and vitality of the real objects, against the everlasting beauty of the artifacts, the poetess does not employ the theme of indictment of the stasis and artifice. Although the poet admits that the china swan, referred to as the Chintz, is indeed not a real one, devoid of the warmth of real life, yet the artifact is indeed a beautiful bird, tainted with multiple colors. Despite being a mere imitation of the real bird, the artifact has managed to assume the appearance of a precious object, with its fawn brown eyes (Laurence 32). However, as and when the reader intends to affirm the superiority of art over life, his easily drawn conclusion is immediately questioned and challenged by the poetess. Moore instantly asserts that the living swan enjoys independence of action, without being subject to the ownership and authority of any third party. While the living swan is free to skim across the water, the china swan does not enjoy freedom of movement or action, as it is tied by the toothed gold collar. It s not free, but possessed by the owner, having no existence of its own (Ransom, Dillon and Brooks 265). Although the real swan is being juxtaposed with the artificial one, the existence of the one essentially contradicts the existence of the other. The living swan with its real gondoliering legs, does mock and deride at the lordly ownership of the ornamental bird. The conflict and prevailing tension between real life and artificial world, persists not only in the context of the swan, but also against the backdrop of Versailles. Versailles, as a place, has always managed to remain a seat of power and glory, a place where some of the most crucial treaties of the world got signed (Jesse 56). Yet it was being noticed that some of the most efficient and competent rulers of Versailles have died, because The king is dead. Despite the evanescence of real life, the everlasting immortality of the artifacts is being traced, as the artifacts, such as the crafted objects, remains to last forever. The beauty of such objects, is yet unspoiled by nature. Although the artifice does not cease inspiring awe in the mind of the beholder, the poetess is mindful of the fact, that the importance of its beauty is reduced by static potential. Yet again, in the last stanza, the poetess reminds the readers of how the china swan, has successfully replaced the actual swan, the king. While the death of the king shows the ephemeral nature of human life, a sense of timelessness can be traced in the everlasting beauty and perfection of the china swan . However, the poem also reminds the reader how even the living forms cease to live forever, its uniqueness inspires art (Taffy 79). The king has died, and yet despite his death, he will be remembered, and his death will be cherished through the beauty and brilliance of the sculpted artifacts of the historical court of the king (Hickman 266). The king of the poem as well as the swan share a fate, as both cease to live and yet the existence of each inspires the creation of the art. The life form and the art form of the object both complement and contrast with each other. Although the artificial swan impresses the poetess or any beholder, in this case, with its perfection, unrivalled beauty and elegance, the poetess reminds the readers that it is lifeless, devoid of the vitality of life. Thus, the continual paradox and contradiction over the argument revolving around the superiority of art or life force, ultimately shows the dialectical progress of the mind. Reference List: Crowe Ransom, George Dillon, and Cleanth Brooks. "THREE books on Marianne Moore's poetry are primarily in."Marianne Moore: The Poet's Advance(2015): 265. Gordon, Lauren.Reading Marianne Moore: Using Dialogism to Understand Marianne Moore's Anti-war Poem'In Distrust of Merits'. Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 2013. Hickman, Miranda. "Modernist Women Poets."A Companion to Modernist Poetry(2014): 256-266. Martin, Taffy.Marianne Moore, subversive modernist. University of Texas Press, 2012. Stapleton, Laurence.Marianne Moore: The Poet's Advance. Princeton University Press, 2015. Zuba, Jesse.The First Book: Twentieth-century Poetic Careers in America. Princeton University Press, 2015.